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在Windows 95/NT/98操作系統(tǒng)中改變文件打開(kāi)方式的問(wèn)題,又可稱為改變文件類型關(guān)聯(lián)的問(wèn)題,即把某類型(擴(kuò)展名)的文件與某應(yīng)用程序關(guān)聯(lián),例如通常當(dāng)雙擊*.txt文件時(shí)系統(tǒng)自動(dòng)調(diào)用Notepad.exe。本文介紹利用Windows注冊(cè)表編輯器Regedit.exe手工或編程改變文件打開(kāi)方式的方法,并提供程序?qū)嵗?br> 一、基本思路: 1、注冊(cè)表編輯器Regedit.exe是用于更改系統(tǒng)注冊(cè)表設(shè)置的高級(jí)工具,包含了關(guān)于系統(tǒng)配置及運(yùn)行的重要信息,默認(rèn)訪問(wèn)路徑為C:\Windows\Regedit.exe。雙擊Regedit.exe圖標(biāo),運(yùn)行注冊(cè)表編輯器。在左側(cè)顯示欄內(nèi)看到HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT、KEY_CURRENT_USER、HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE等主鍵。與文件類型有關(guān)的所有主鍵、鍵名、鍵值都存放在HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT下。 ◆雙擊HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT,向下拖動(dòng)滾動(dòng)條,找到.txt主鍵,右側(cè)顯示欄內(nèi)“txtfile”說(shuō)明:在HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT下有一txtfile主鍵,其下存放了打開(kāi)*.txt文件應(yīng)用程序的有關(guān)信息。 ◆向下拖動(dòng)滾動(dòng)條,找到txtfile主鍵,右側(cè)顯示欄內(nèi)“文本文檔”為文件類型描述。雙擊txtfile,DefaultIcon右側(cè)顯示欄內(nèi)“shell32.dll,-152”為*.txt文件的圖標(biāo);shell\open\command,右側(cè)顯示欄內(nèi)“C:\WINDOWS\NOTEPAD.EXE %1”為打開(kāi)*.txt文件的應(yīng)用程序名稱及參數(shù)。 改變打開(kāi)文件方式的方法(例如用VISIO打開(kāi)*.exc文件): ◆手工:打開(kāi)系統(tǒng)注冊(cè)表,在HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT下找到.exc及另一主鍵名,找到此主鍵,將shell\open\command右側(cè)顯示欄內(nèi)“C:\WINDOWS\NOTEPAD.EXE %1”改為“C:\VISIO.EXE %1”(假設(shè)VISIO.EXE的訪問(wèn)路徑是C:\,具體視情況而定),按F5刷新系統(tǒng)注冊(cè)表。 ◆編程:利用VB、Delphi、C++Builder等讀寫(xiě)系統(tǒng)注冊(cè)表,可自動(dòng)改變文件打開(kāi)方式。本文提供VB、Delphi編程實(shí)例。 二、編程實(shí)例: ㈠利用VB編程 1、在VB5.0 IDE中,新建工程Project1,在Form1上添加命令按鈕Command1。 2、選擇菜單“工程”—“添加模塊”—“模塊”—“打開(kāi)”,在Project1中添加模塊Moudle1。 3、在Moudle1“通用—聲明”部分聲明API函數(shù)和常量。 Const REG_SZ = 1 Global Const HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT = &H80000000 Declare Function OSRegQueryValueEx Lib “advapi32”Alias “RegQueryValueExA”(ByVal hKey As Long, ByVal lpszValueName As String, ByVal dwReserved As Long, lpdwType As Long, lpbData As Any, cbData As Long) As Long Declare Function OSRegOpenKey Lib “advapi32”Alias “RegOpenKeyA”(ByVal hKey As Long, ByVal lpszSubKey As String, phkResult As Long) As Long Declare Function OSRegSetValueEx Lib“advapi32”Alias “RegSetValueExA”(ByVal hKey As Long, ByVal lpszValueName As String, ByVal dwReserved As Long, ByVal fdwType As Long, lpbData As Any, ByVal cbData As Long) As Long Declare Function OSRegCloseKey Lib“advapi32”Alias “RegCloseKey”(ByVal hKey As Long) As Long 4、在Moudle 1中編寫(xiě)函數(shù)。 Function RegOpenKey(ByVal hKey As Long, ByVal lpszSubKey As String, phkResult As Long) As Boolean Dim lResult As Long On Error GoTo 0 ` 關(guān)閉錯(cuò)誤陷阱 lResult = OSRegOpenKey(hKey, lpszSubKey, phkResult) If lResult = 0 Then RegOpenKey = True Else RegOpenKey = False End If End Function Function RegSetStringValue(ByVal hKey As Long, ByVal strValueName As String, ByVal strData As String, Optional ByVal fLog) As Boolean Dim lResult As Long On Error GoTo 0 lResult = OSRegSetValueEx(hKey, strValueName, 0&, REG_SZ, ByVal strData, LenB(StrConv(strData, vbFromUnicode)) + 1) If lResult = 0 Then RegSetStringValue = True Else RegSetStringValue = False End If End Function Function StripTerminator(ByVal strString As String) As String Dim intZeroPos As Integer intZeroPos = InStr(strString, Chr$(0)) If intZeroPos > 0 Then StripTerminator=Left$(strString, intZeroPos - 1) Else StripTerminator = strString End If End Function Function RegQueryStringValue(ByVal hKey As Long, ByVal strValueName As String, strData As String) As Boolean Dim lResult As Long Dim lValueType As Long Dim strBuf As String Dim lDataBufSize As Long RegQueryStringValue = False On Error GoTo 0 lResult = OSRegQueryValueEx(hKey, strValueName, 0&, lValueType, ByVal 0&, lDataBufSize) If lResult = ERROR_SUCCESS Then If lValueType = REG_SZ Then strBuf = String(lDataBufSize, “”) lResult = OSRegQueryValueEx(hKey, strValueName, 0&, 0&, ByVal strBuf, lDataBufSize) If lResult = ERROR_SUCCESS Then RegQueryStringValue = True strData = StripTerminator(strBuf) End If End If End If End Function 5、雙擊Command1,編寫(xiě)Click事件代碼。 Private Sub Command1_Click() Dim hKey As Long Dim MyReturn As Long Dim MyData As String MyReturn = OSRegOpenKey(HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT, “.exc”, hKey) MyReturn=RegQueryStringValue(hKey,“”,MyData) MyReturn=OSRegOpenKey(HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT, MyData+“\shell\open\command”,hKey) MyReturn = RegSetStringValue(hKey,“”,“c:\visio.exe 1%”, False) If MyReturn Then MsgBox “改變文件打開(kāi)方式成功!”,vbInformation,“請(qǐng)注意” Else MsgBox “改變文件打開(kāi)方式失敗!”,vbExclamation,“請(qǐng)注意” End If OSRegCloseKey (hKey) End Sub 6、按F5運(yùn)行程序,在簡(jiǎn)體中文Windows95/NT/98、VB5.0/6.0環(huán)境中調(diào)試通過(guò)。
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